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野 山 清 凉 2009年 6月26日至6月28日，我们一行六人在向导蔡胜民的协作下，完成大别山霍山龙井河1号线局部、广家河2号线全程和狼牙谷3号线大半程的徒步穿越，观瀑嬉水。 喜欢行走，是因为心向林泉。如果你的骨子里刻满了随性与浪漫，那这个世界就无所谓城市与荒原。 2009.6.26，凌晨四点，我们一行六人驱车来到大别山堆谷山村。小憩两个小时，醒来就开始摘向导老蔡家的桃子充饥。 我和老蔡商量了一下行程，酷暑难耐，此行主要去水区。略去1号线无瀑布的地区，必要走完2号线，也就是强度难度最大的广家河瀑布区，3号线主要安排腐败项目。上图红线部分就是广家河线，线路内有11道瀑布，依次为玲珑瀑、贴心瀑、老虎夹瀑、珍珠瀑、万字瀑、彩虹瀑、三道崖瀑、黄崖瀑、飞天瀑、美女献秘瀑和老牛撒尿瀑。返程途经神龙首瀑和龙王樽瀑，再插入1号线看鲤鱼跳龙门瀑，经24道弯回堆谷山村。蓝线是3号线，狼牙谷线，相对强度较低，适宜嬉水。([]
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黄文星关于牧高笛行无界“行·无界”——户外爱好者的世界旅行，是牧高笛发展十周年推出的主活动。在世界各地，户外爱好者分享登山、徒步、旅行、露营、越野跑等各种户外运动方式带来的愉悦体验；在不同的地形及气候条件下，牧高笛的服装及装备都能为户外爱好者带来最专业的保护。2012年启动尼泊尔站，2013年非洲站，2014年新西兰站，2015年牧高笛将继续探索这个世界。行走的心，无界的景。如果你的户外经验足够丰富、如果你的摄影技术足够高超，如果你有一颗环游世界永不止步的探索之心，请关注牧高笛官方微信：【牧高笛户外服装】，提交您的使者申请。关于老虎和孜孜老虎（李松涛）：资深户外爱好者，2000年开始接触户外，随后专业从事户外工作，曾任中国登山协会户外委员会常委，深圳市登山协会秘书长。自助旅行与摄影爱好者，2005年曾独自背包从西藏出发，在尼泊尔，印度，巴基斯坦等国家旅行半年，出版画册《从喜马拉雅到喀喇昆仑》。孜孜（陆立成）：专栏作家，自由摄影师，自助旅行爱好者。大学毕业后从事了数年外贸工作，慢慢爱上了旅行与摄影，足迹遍布欧美，东南亚数十个国家。与老虎结合后离职到深圳，成为一名自由摄影师。2013年6月14日，老虎和孜孜从乌鲁木齐出发，开始他们的800天环球旅行计划。首站俄罗斯，一个月之后到达北欧，接着一路向南完成三个月的欧洲旅行。完成北半球冬天来临之前的最后一站土耳其之后，在环球之旅的第175天，他们作为“2014牧高笛行无界新西兰站”的使者来到了新西兰。在新西兰的45天里，他们租了辆小车，全程几乎都选择营地住宿，用最亲近自然的方式领略了新西兰的魅力。前往库克山路上漫山遍野的鲁冰花，凯库拉憨萌的海豹，亚伯塔斯曼绝美的海滨徒步，西海岸会跳舞的雨林风貌，米尔福德峡湾悬挂的数百条小瀑布，《霍比特人》众多的拍摄地，等等，都是一路捡获的美好。世界已经够美好，他们并不刻意冒险猎奇，只是背着相机，旅行节奏放到最慢，一路向前一路看。最终，希望能在地球上划过一个圈。每个人最终都会选择自己适合的方式生活，老虎与孜孜，他们选择自由，对世界的热爱和听从内心的声音。了解更多的精彩旅程，请关注——新浪微博：老虎孜孜800天环游地球微信公众账号：老虎孜孜800天环游地球文/孜孜图/老虎 孜孜假如你已经不是预算有限又没有驾照的学生族，来到新西兰应该做的第一件事是什么知道吗？租一辆车！即使预算有限，也不是什么大问，不要理会AVIS，HERTZ之类的大家伙，找一间当地的租车公司，最好是新开业的，一辆1.6L排量的三菱自动挡小车，开来环岛完全没问，一天租金才32新元！再找上两三个人拼车，如果恰巧你们当中有驾驶经验丰富的司机，可以考虑只上最基本的保险（请慎重考虑），这样加上油费，每天移动的开销控制在80-90新元之内是完全没有问的。什么？听不懂，不知道我在说什么？！那快快认真把这篇介绍好好看完噢。你应该知道的新西兰新西兰是个岛国（有人不知道的吗？），它有一个很美好的毛利语名字：长白云之乡。主岛分为南岛和北岛两大块，周边一些小岛，比如斯图尔特岛，是新西兰最好的观鸟天堂。全国总人口大概是450万人，半数以上都聚集在北岛奥克兰，惠灵顿等大城市，而南岛大概只有1/4不到的人口。这世上大概存在着一个普遍的真理，美景总是跟人迹罕至相关联。人类活动痕迹稀少的地方，总能保持着原始的惊人的美貌，所以集冰川，草原，火山，湖泊，森林，牧场和大海为一体的南岛相对来说比较受青睐。作为世界上最年轻的移民城市，新西兰的人口差不多70%都是欧洲移民，绝大多数来自英国，爱尔兰，15%左右是毛利人后裔，以及华裔和其他太平洋人民。欧裔的新西兰人民基本都持神奇牌英式口音，并且语速奇快。到达皇后镇的第一天在旅馆办入住，当前台放完一通他的机关枪，我和同屋的美国姑娘Susan一起惊呆了……一个字也没听懂。新西兰人民的生活水平在去年公布的联合国人类发展指数中排名第6，这是几个意思呢？这么说吧：新西兰数量众多的农场主，地盘基本是按山头来算的。他们家门口的“迎宾道”都上几公里长，两旁长满豪气牌参天大树。由于热爱生活和美，几乎家家庭院都种上美好的花朵，随时营造一种童话氛围。因为没有大型猛兽的威胁，岛屿生活让动物们普遍温顺但智商低下，寻常的羊啊牛啊都冒着可爱的傻泡。当然了，农场主们需要担心生活，也有不开心的时候，但他们的生活普遍简单充实，更贴近自然，所以内心也比较富足。历史上大部分时候，新西兰都地广人稀，因此人们可以舒适的住在独栋的房子里。但今天，无论冬夏，几乎所有人都是户外狂。朋友Hamish，是位年轻的Multi-Sport player，他的人生就是做运动，他全家的也是做运动……爸爸妈妈哥哥跟他一样，全年都在训练以及参加各种户外赛事，乐在其中。这种情况比比皆是，新西兰优异的户外条件和氛围，是户外人士的天堂。大自然的火山运动加上海岛气候，使得新西兰几乎具备了一个大陆所能具备的所有景观，再也找不出第二个地方风景变换如此多样，还地广人稀，还文明友善，还安全卫生，还对徒步，运动，旅游规划得如此精细。如此，面对令人垂涎欲滴的新西兰，你只好在心中呐喊一句：该！怎么！玩啊？！！ 新西兰游玩思路Well, well, well……前面我说了，只要情况允许，无论如何你得有一辆车。地广人稀的意思，就是公共交通不发达。新西兰也用不着发达，它的汽车普及率是全球第二，许多家庭都拥有一辆以上的汽车，而稍远一点的地方，就坐发达的国内航线飞过去了，飞机场跟中国大城市的汽车站一般大小。新西兰可以玩的东西很多，随意列举：水里的——冲浪，漂流，皮划艇，观鲸观海豹，潜水，钓鱼，游轮空中的——跳伞，滑翔伞，蹦极，观光飞行陆地的——自驾，观星，徒步，登山，或者干脆什么也不干，仍是一种舒服的玩法列出我们南北岛30天自驾所去过的地方给大家做参考：南岛——1、MountCook库克山库克山是我们南岛自驾的第一站，来这里的人几乎都会去Hooker Valley track胡克谷步道做往返3小时的徒步。只有走在这条徒步小路上才能完整的看到库克山。四周雪山高耸，路边开着各种鲜花，路过冰湖与吊桥，到达库克山脚下的冰湖后，我们一直等到太阳下山才往回走，是那天最晚离开库克山脚下的游客，回营地的途中，黑暗里看不清路的兔子乱窜，差点撞到我们脚上来。 2、Lake Tekapo蒂卡普湖由于经纬度的关系，Lake Tekapo是南半球最适合观星的地方。除此之外被高耸入云的南阿尔卑斯山环绕的蒂卡普湖是拥有绿宝石般清澈湖水的高山湖泊，景色美得让人窒息。我们并没有专门去找坐落于湖边的牧羊人教堂，而是把车停在树荫下，悠哉的煮起了面吃。吃完准备打个盹，一群鸭子跑到车门前打招呼：不好意思，我们要睡觉了，没工夫social噢。3、阿卡罗阿借宿在友人位于普劳湾的房子里，在一个下雨天翻山越岭的去传说中很像法国小镇的阿卡罗阿看看。由于火山喷发形成的圆形半岛上，山路起伏多弯，雨水并不能遮掩既壮丽又秀美的景色。一路美景相伴，走走停停，开三四个小时到达阿卡罗阿已经不是最重要的目的了，喝上一杯咖啡稍作休息，又往回开进美景中。4、凯库拉凯库拉是南岛著名看鲸鱼和海豹的小镇，当沿着1号公路向北开时，注意路边出现画着海豹的警示，就可以挑地方停车了。有时候顽皮的海豹们会跑到靠近路边的草丛里，当我们靠近，它们就侧着头看上好一阵才跑回海边的礁石。南岛还有别的地方也能看到海豹，但能这么近距离接触的，凯库拉是首选。5、亚伯塔斯曼国家公园亚伯塔斯曼国家公园是新西兰最适合做海边徒步的地方之一，公园内有一条很有名的步行道叫做Abel Tasman Coast Track，全程55.2公里，走完需要3-5天，水上的士停靠在沿途许多沙滩。我们计划走3天，完成2/3的路程，徒步时很长一部分时间是行走在长满巨大蕨类植物的海滨雨林小道，隔一段能看到湛蓝的美丽海景，每天正常人4小时的脚程被爱拍照的我们走成6小时，不知不觉三天过去了，坐水上的士1小时就回到三天前的起点。1小时=3天。但如果不是慢慢的徒步，决然领略不到新西兰如此海岸美景。6、西海岸风光来过新西兰的人，十有八九都说西海岸美。到底是怎么样的美呢？塔斯曼海面吹来的暖气流被南岛中部的高山拦截，形成绵绵不绝的雨水，于是整个西海岸都是一派雨林气息，这里树干长着漂亮青苔的高大树木会跳舞，由于海风的关系，又集体被吹斜到一边，蕨类则铺满低一层的地面。羊群，牛群和鹿群见惯了常年堆积的迅速变幻的雨云，面对我们对这般景色的连连惊叹，始终都是很淡定。 7、 Franz Josef Glacier & Fox Glacier冰川探险是南岛旅游的重头戏，Franz Josef 冰川在毛利语中叫做“雪崩女孩的眼泪”。Fox冰川全长13公里，汇集了四座高山冰河的降雪。冰川徒步是游玩Franz Josef冰川和Fox冰川的最佳方式。可以在当地报名参加徒步冰川探险项目，也可以参加直升机之旅来领略新西兰最高的几大山峰的壮丽美景。但我们觉得新西兰这两号冰川略小，打着以后去巴基斯坦做冰川徒步的算盘，远远的跟它们打了声招呼就开往了下一站。8、Mount Aspiring National Park阿斯帕林山国家公园从西海岸开往Wanaka的道路必须穿过阿斯帕林国家公园，这座生长着茂密的新西兰特有的雨林树木的国家公园惊人的美！车子行驶在密林中间，我们总是有一种穿越的感觉，希望一直这么开下去不要到达终点。阿斯帕林国家公园里也有很棒的徒步路线，但我们并不打算停留，因为多雨气候的缘故，路面常有塌方事件，所以我们必须在封路之前穿过。车子一开出山区，豁然开朗，我们就知道美妙的雨林已经在我们身后了，由于阿斯帕林这些高山挡住了雨水，我们前方的平原夕阳正浓，开到哈威亚湖时，一条前所未有的鲜亮彩虹骑在湖面，高兴的与我们相见。9、Wanaka瓦纳卡湖Wanaka湖上太适合做各种水上运动了，买个大冰激凌往草地上一坐，就可以欣赏水上飞人项目（风筝冲浪者），人们三三两两的坐在一起享受夏日，假如你想喂海鸥，把食物往空中抛会帮助你喂得更拉风一点，三五十只海鸥会张开翅膀聚拢在食物能抛到的领域，尽量在空中保持平衡与静止，同时又以最快的速度争抢食物。10、Oamaru奥玛鲁奥玛鲁（Oamaru）又叫“企鹅镇”，有新西兰特有的黄眼企鹅和世界上最小的企鹅，蓝眼企鹅。在奥马鲁游客中心，有一个小花园是公园为企鹅搭建的，可以通过小窗口了解企鹅孵蛋，当然是收费的。我们尽量赶在企鹅归巢之前到达营地扎好帐篷，先赶去看归家较早的黄眼企鹅，再去看夜幕降临之后才归家的蓝眼企鹅。蓝眼企鹅才巴掌这么大，萌翻了……11、Moeraki摩拉基Moeraki Boulders公园需要自觉往入口处的钱箱中投入2新币，海滩上散布着许多摩拉基巨石，极其圆，还有像蛋黄一样的石心。网上查到退潮时间是早上，到达的时候已经聚集了很多游客，大家变着各种法儿与石头合影，在上面蹲的跳的，钻到石头缝里假装悟空的…… 12、Dunedin但尼丁Dunedin是南岛第二大城市，也是Otago地区首府。这里曾是新西兰最富有的城市，有很多富有历史感的建筑。从古典维多利亚建筑的火车站开始，沿着城内步行道就可以开始但尼丁建筑遗产之旅。St Clair海滩很适合等待日落，也可以背着冲浪板挑战这里的海浪。Dunedin也是吉百利巧克力工厂的总部所在地，目前已经开放成为游乐园性质的博物馆，据说电影《查理的巧克力工厂》就由此得到灵感。在这里不仅可以了解巧克力的历史，亲自体验吉百利的色香味，还能见到壮观的巧克力瀑布。但我们大部分时间都花在半岛上，先跑去皇家信天翁基地探望了威风的信天翁们，又贼心不死的在落日之前赶去桑德弗莱湾，穿过海滩走到半山腰的小木屋，继续看黄眼企鹅。13、Nugget Point纳吉特角从纳吉特角停车场走20分钟，就可以看到陡峭山岬上设的灯塔，岸边不远散布着很多岩石小岛。海豹们休息在岩石上，不过都离得太远。倒是有许多鸟，成双成对的疾飞嬉戏，练习飞翔。新西兰虽美却气候恶劣，但无论如何对于生活在这里的动物而言，没有人类过多的打扰，只需要面对自然界的挑战，总是幸运的。14、Slope Point斜坡角天哪，这里的风大得啊！到达真正的Slope Point，需要从停车场经过私家农场的Track小路，步行20分钟。前往时最后一半的路程，完全是风推着我们走。而快要到达终点立牌的地方时，是无论如何也无法走直线了，稍有不慎人就被风吹着跑。一开始觉得冷哆哆嗦嗦，后来被风吹嗨了，我们都张开双臂像鸟儿一样逆风往前冲，笑声跟我们本人一样跌跌撞撞的被风吹散，足足吹了快半小时，过足了瘾才往回走。15、Bluff小镇哎，今年的生蚝节是5月14号。看到路边的大招牌，大口大口的咽口水。Bluff，新西兰最南端的小镇，出产被誉为世界上最美味的生蚝。好想吃啊好想吃啊！非生蚝季不推荐来这里，会被馋坏的……16、Te Anau蒂阿瑙湖蒂阿瑙湖就像一块湛蓝的宝石。在i-site隔壁，可以在RealJourney公司报名乘坐游船前往Glowworm Caves（萤火虫洞）。17、Milford Sound米尔福德峡湾南岛自驾途中我们最期待的一个地方之一。从西海岸拐向Wanaka之后，米尔福德峡湾是唯一再能看到雨林美景的地方了。汽车开过一段幽暗隧道，一出隧道口，270度环绕的群山，下雨的关系，大概每隔十米就有一两米宽的小瀑布，从山顶倾泻而下，几乎上百道之多。完全就是现实版的《霍比特人》里精灵居住的地方。我们每隔一小段距离就停车拍照，希望长焦能拉到一两只精灵，向住在这里的它们表达诚挚的羡慕！ 18、皇后镇皇后镇大概是新西兰最出名的地方之一了。Remarkables山脉，天台餐厅，观星，跳伞，蹦极……它集美景和各种户外极限运动体验地于一身，每个来南岛的人大概都不会错过它，以及镇上永远排满长队的Fergburger（大汉堡）。我们走在湖边拍照，一个吉他手卖命的演唱着，他的吉他盒上写着：为Fergburger！北岛——1、奥克兰奥克兰作为北岛自驾的出发地，是新西兰最大的城市，经济文化中心，新西兰的门户。这里有美丽的海港和岛屿，有着“风帆之都”的美名。周围的山峦尽是热带雨林风貌，有许多休眠火山。虽然奥克兰是新西兰人口最多的城市，但喧闹和拥挤却与这里无关，这里是宁静而迷人的城市。虽然奥克兰有很多可以去的地方，但由于时间关系，我们租好车后直接出城往南开去。2、霍比屯一直以为自己是《魔戒》《霍比特人》的死忠粉，结果听一位当地大叔说他们这里有人看了50遍霍比特人！这个人真的不是放电影的工作人员吗？！所以霍比屯，也就是电影里霍比特人的故乡夏尔的拍摄地，对我们来说还是有吸引力的。但是由于建在私人农场里，必须买票组团进入，限制了自由。而电影拍完之后明显疏于维护，菜园里的紫包菜，都长得有洗澡盆那么大了！我们还是把最美好的印象留在电影里吧…… 3、罗托鲁瓦想要了解毛利人的文化，这个城市是最好的选择。毛利文化村提供3个半小时的文化体验之旅，可以去看看关于毛利人的一切。但当我们赶到时，所有的团都订满了。正在消亡的毛利文化，是资本主义扩张的罪恶，也是一段忧伤的故事。4、怀基蒂地热公园罗托鲁瓦到怀基蒂这一片区域，到处都有地热现象，并不一定需要买门票进地热公园。我们就在一个不停冒热泡泡的泥巴池边上待了好久。但如果想看地热喷泉，就花钱买上门票去离地热公园开车还有20分钟的地方去，记住喷发时间是早上10点。 5、陶波湖Taupo湖是新西兰最大的内陆湖。湖光山色，美不胜收。我们在一块高地停车架好脚架准备拍合影，延时正要结束之际，镜头里突然窜出一个脑袋，原来是一个毛利小伙子从坡下辛苦的爬上来捡一块飞盘……于是变成3个人的合影。6、东格里罗国家公园末日火山是佛罗多实行摧毁魔戒任务的终点。电影演到这里的时候一波三折，末日火山的圆顶也频繁出现。我们站在鲁阿佩胡山的山顶平台时，脑子里老是回放那幅场景。这里就是末日火山的拍摄地，中土神话的终结地。这一站之后，我们就要开往惠灵顿，结束全岛的自驾之旅。 7、惠灵顿新西兰的首都是惠灵顿而不是奥克兰这件事，常常记混……但我们永远不会忘记离开前能将车吹晃的大风和瑰丽的晚霞，惠灵顿机场的出发大厅里，咕噜瞪着大眼睛在抓鱼，甘道夫骑着大鸟来为我们送行，新西兰之旅，令人享受至极。总结一下，我们的重点放在自驾和徒步这两件事情上面，在城市里停留很少。如果时间和预算允许的话，沿途还可以加入以下新西兰热门的体验式活动：皇后镇跳伞，漂流，蹦极等凯库拉观鲸观海豚福克斯或约瑟夫徒步，还可以坐直升飞机到冰川上面徒步阿斯帕林国家公园徒步奥玛鲁，但尼丁等地观看蓝眼企鹅米尔福德小径徒步陶波湖跳伞东格里罗国家公园徒步罗托鲁瓦毛利人村庄体验游怀托摩萤火虫洞自驾与徒步TIPS：正如我开篇所提，新西兰租车业发达，费用也低廉。驾照：使用中国驾照没问，但需要一份新西兰交通部授权的翻译件，可以在淘宝上办理，也可以找当地的代理，前者价格便宜一半。保险：大的租车公司基本建议上全险，我们租车的那间有三个选项，配的基本险不要另外交钱，$2000以上的车损才理赔，半险每天，50以上理赔，全险0。保险费按照车型的不同会有小幅调整。导航：新西兰的公路条件非常好，国小人少，路完善，大地方基本不看地图也没问。我们没有带导航，手机上的谷歌地图就很完美。住宿：新西兰遍地都是露营地，部分需要预定。但有些只是房车营地，如果是汽车+帐篷的组合，要确认营地是否可以扎帐篷。营地分两种，一种是私营，厨房洗衣卫生间热水淋浴都有，电视房之类的公共活动区域也大；一种是DOC管辖的自助式，一般可能只有厕所和饮用水，自助缴费。此外Motel也遍地，若非圣诞这样重大的节日，很少会订不到房。条件更好的星级酒店也有不少。装备：新西兰天气变化非常快，即使是盛夏早晚温差也非常大。海边风大，应该备一件防风外套。如果夏天准备扎帐篷露营，建议最好带-5度的睡袋。实用网站：自然资源保护部的官网，上面几乎可以查到新西兰户外活动的一切信息，例如徒步路线与地图，露营地，国家公园，打猎活动，珍惜动植物等等的详细介绍：https//www.doc.govt.nz/新西兰营地大全，非常实用，我们都是当天提前几个小时在这个网站上找最近的合适的营地：https//www.rankers.co.nz/respectTop10和Holidayparks都是新西兰规模比较大的连锁营地，设施条件也比较好：https//www.top10.co.nz/https//www.holidayparks.co.nz/welcome 新西兰各处的潮汐预告，新西兰很多景点都需要事先了解潮汐时间才能看到：https//www.niwa.co.nz/services/online-services/tide-forecaster 新西兰旅游官网上有《霍比特人》和《指环王》的拍摄地介绍，喜欢的朋友可以按图索骥：https//www.newZEALand.com/cn/feature/lord-of-the-rings/https//www.newzealand.com/cn/feature/the-hobbit-trilogy-filming-loCATions/ （下图至33楼均为哈威亚湖及周边美景）([]
含蓄草研究实验所满十八岁观蜜桃在线
黄晴珮第86页新添多张可可西里的花草。2009年10月有幸参加一次科考活动，连续穿越我国四大无人区中的可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊这三大无人区。在此只是对这片人迹罕至的山川风貌的作些介绍,将穿越中的一些花絮与大家分享。 本次活动行程分三段 一、穿越可可西里 时间：10月2日~ 10月7日 计划穿越路线： 青海格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—可可西里湖—太阳湖—巍雪山—新疆鲸鱼湖 因可可西里的沼泽陷车，穿越失败，被迫返回格尔木 实际穿越路线： 格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—昆仑山口—格尔木—乌图美仁—老茫崖—花土沟—新疆石棉矿 二、穿越阿尔金山 时间：10月8日~10月14日 计划穿越路线： 鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖-金矿路口-阿雅克库木湖—黑熊山--依协克帕提中心站—卡尔冬草原--卡尔冬保护站—新达坂--吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 实际穿越路线： 石棉矿—玉树圃保护站—阿其克库勒湖—鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖—玉树圃保护站—鸭子泉—风尘口达坂—阿雅克库木湖—依协克帕提中心站—库木库里沙山—沙子泉—新达坂—依吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 三、穿越罗布泊 纵横南北、东西两次穿越， 第一次穿越： 时间：9月1日~9月5日 路线：吐鲁番—火焰山—高昌故城—迪坎儿—龙城雅丹—余纯顺墓—湖心—盐湖—楼兰保护站—穿核污染区—旧机场—原子弹爆炸指挥中心—太阳墓地—老开屏—35团—尉犁—库尔勒 第二次穿越路线： 时间：10月17日~10月23日 路线： 库尔勒—吐鲁番—哈密--甘肃柳园—敦煌—玉门关—三垄沙雅丹—金矿—野骆驼保护区—八一泉---库木塔格沙漠--怪石坡—彭加木失踪地—罗中镇—湖心—余纯顺墓—楼兰保护站—楼兰古城遗址---保护站---十字路口---36团—若羌—库尔勒 第一篇：可可西里梦断沼泽 因为大部分人员都没有网名，就由我来给各位起个名吧。 领队：罗布泊工匠，有丰富的高原户外经验， 队员： 老大：全队年纪最大，因调研需要年近60，仍奔波于在荒凉的无人区，其精神着实令人敬佩 蛋糕：个子最高，因出谜语，打一食品，“高个与矮个男人的最大区别”而命名 无波：很有男子气质而名之 法官：推理严谨但更以囊中黄段子闻名 企鹅：一件冲锋衣和抓绒衣打遍可可西里、阿尔金高原，常因寒冷缩成企鹅状 菜碟：小菜一碟，简称菜碟 小胖：可不是我起的名，这是他的爱称。全队的开心果 洙洙：资深美女 酥油花：资深美女 王师傅：1#车师傅，高原经验丰富 小卫师傅：2#车师傅兼厨师，活波幽默 苑师傅：给养车师傅 本人：一头梦中受野牦牛惊吓的老狼 羌塘、可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊无人区是中国也是世界上少有的成片无人区，是中外所有探险家向往的地方。四大无人区是我国4个面积最大的自然保护区，也是地球上人类少有涉足的极少地域之一。 以下为四大无人区之可可西里自然保护区简介 可可西里自然保护区是我国目前建立的面积最大，海拔最高，野生动物资源最为丰富的国家级自然保护区之一，被誉为“世界第三极”和青藏高原珍稀野生动物基因库。 可可西里自然保护区位于青海省西南部的玉树藏族自治州境内，东经89º25’～94˚05΄，北纬34º19’～36º16。其范围为昆仑山脉以南，乌兰乌拉山以北，东起青藏公路，西迄省界。保护区西与西藏自治区相接，南同格尔木唐古拉乡毗邻，北和新疆维吾尔族自治区相连，东至青藏公路，总面积4.5万平方公里。 可可西里地处青藏高原腹地，平均海拔在4600米以上，最高峰为北缘昆仑山布喀达板峰(亦称新青峰或莫诺马哈峰)，海拔6860米；最低点在豹子峡(昆仑山南鹿红水河横穿博卡雷克拐弯处)，海拔4200米。区内地势南北高，中部低，西部高而东部低。可可西里山和冬布勒山横贯本区中部，山地间有两个宽谷湖盆带，地势较平坦。海拔5500米～6000米以上的山地，有现代冰川发育。如布喀达坂峰(6860)米，马兰山(6813)米，少数超过5600米的山峰也有小规模冰川分布，如东岗扎日(5882)米，冰川总面积达1700多平方公里。 可可西里是羌塘高原内流湖区和长江北源水系交汇地区。东部为楚玛河为主的长江北源水系，主要为雨水、地下水补给，水量较小，河流往往是季节性河流。西部和北部是以湖泊为中心的内流水系。区内湖泊众多，据统计，面积大于1平方公里的湖泊有107个，总面积3825平方公里，其中面积200平方公里以上的湖泊有7个。最大的为乌兰乌拉湖，湖水面积为544.5平方公里，是青海省第四大湖。可可西里湖泊大部分为咸水湖或半咸水湖，矿化度较高。 区内现代冰川广布，冰川总面积2000平方公里，著名的有布喀达坂冰帽冰川，马兰山冰川、岗扎日冰川等，是“中华水塔”的宝贵冰川。本地区有许多奇特的自然景观，如山谷冰川，地表冻丘、冻帐、石林、石环、多彩的高原湖泊，盐湖边盛开的朵朵“盐花”，以及现代冰川下热气蒸腾，水温高达91℃的沸泉群等，有机地组成了其他地区所不及的本区特有的地质资源。 本区气候特点是温度低、降水少、大风多、区域差异较大。境内年平均气温由东南向西北逐渐降低，在西金乌兰湖地区有一明显暖区，最暖区年均温为-4.10C，最冷为最西边的勒斜武担措，年均温为-10.00C(推算值)，最低气温-46.40C，其它地区均在两者之间。 可可西里地区年平均降水量分布趋势是由东南向西北逐渐减少。在173～495毫米之间。本区风大，是全国风速高值区之一，在风力较弱的季节。西金乌兰湖附近仍出现瞬时风速为24.0米/秒的大风(1990年7月9日16时47分)，年平均风速分布由东向西增大。区内的土壤类型简单，多为高山草甸土、高山草原土和高山寒漠土壤，其次为沼泽土，零星分布的有沼泽土、龟裂土、盐土、碱土和风沙土。土壤发育年轻。受冻融作用影响深刻。 区域内由于受到地理位置、地势高低、地形坡向及地表组成物质等各种水热条件分异因素的影响，自然景观自东南向西北呈现高寒草甸-高寒草原+高寒荒漠更替。其中高寒草原是主要类型。高寒冰缘植被也有较大面积的分布，高寒荒漠草原、高寒垫状植被和高寒荒漠有少量分布。高寒草甸、高寒沼泽仅分布在极个别的地区。可可西里地势高峻，空气稀薄，气压偏低，氧气稀薄，只有低海拔地区的一半，烧开水的沸点只有80多度，被称为“世界第三极”。自然环境严酷，气候恶劣，人类无法长期居住、生产和生活，因而保留了其原始的生态环境和独特的自然景观。 本区生物区系种类少，但青藏高原特有种比例大，且种群数量大。据多年观察，哺乳动物有29种，其中11种为青藏高原特有，鸟类53种，爬行类1种，鱼类6种。区内高等植物有102属，202种，其中青藏高原特有种84种，占全区种类的41.56%，其中属国家重点保护的一、二类野生动物就有20余种。包括大家熟知的野牦牛、藏羚羊、野驴、白唇鹿、棕熊等。本区的特有生物种类不但是我国的珍稀动植物，而且为世界上所嘱目，在学术上和自然保护上均十分重要. 以上资料择由《中国国家地理》杂志 2009年10月2日在青海省格尔木市休整一天，作高原适应并作连续穿越可可西里和阿尔金山两大无人区的准备，车子油箱全部加满油，给养车上的汽油和柴油备用油箱也全部加满，准备2桶50L的淡水，以及矿泉水若干箱，馕、面包等干粮，火腿肠、鸡爪等小吃，还有大米、面条，青菜以及宰杀好的两只羊。 格尔木地处青藏、青新、敦格公路和青藏铁路交汇处，为青海西部交通枢纽。南可通西藏，北可达甘肃河西走廊，西可去新疆，东可到省会西宁。是西藏通往祖国内地的重要中转站和物资集散地。 格尔木是蒙古语，意为“河流密集的地方”，地处青藏高原腹地，市区位于柴达木盆地中南部格尔木河冲积平原上，市区平均海拔2780米，全市人口27万，其中汉族人口占83%。 格尔木城雕 10月3日早上一切准备妥当，开始出发，可就在宾馆的停车场，给养的大车在倒车时刮到一旁的小车，保安费了好大劲，才找到车主，看到我们是新疆的车牌，提出要到西宁修理，光来回油费和耽误的时间就开口要1500元，连修理费一起要3000元。一番协商不下，把我们撩在宾馆等候，工匠他们到交警处理，巧的是处理的交警有亲戚是新疆库尔勒人，他偷偷告诉我们不要露出着急的样子，要装作有大把多时间磨泡，最后那位小车的车主经不住拖时间，以1500元了事。可也把我们等的将近中午，才急急忙忙开拔，走上青藏公路的109国道。 前方的雪山就是被称为“万山之宗”、“龙脉之祖”，在中华民族文化史上位居中国第一神山的巍巍位昆仑山。 昆仑山口地处昆仑山中段，格尔木市区南160公里处，海拔4767米 昆仑山口记碑分为主碑、副碑、陪碑、雕塑、底盘五部分，材质为汉白玉。主碑高4.767米,是昆仑山口海拔高度的千分之一，碑底座用花岗岩块石砌成9.6平方米基础，象征她屹立在祖国960万平方公里的坚实土地上。 到了昆仑山口就算进入可可西里自然保护区33685915_1272165201yXHH.jpg我们已办好进入保护区的手续，将要由东向西穿越可可西里。 从昆仑山口行驶不到20分钟，就到聊不冻泉保护站 不冻泉保护站海拔3700米，据说这里的泉水常年不停的喷涌而出，即使在寒冷的严冬也从不封冻，因此被称为“不冻泉”。不冻泉被当地藏民视为神泉。在不冻泉有旅馆、商店，还有加油站，可是没有油可 加 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陈雅惠Liekkas---Sofia Jannok温馨小提示：如果喜欢背景音乐，可以在第一页看到末尾时，不翻页，另外开个窗口继续看，音乐可一直播放，想完整查看请点击只看该作者关于背景歌曲：每一首歌都会褪色，那些不曾褪色的歌都会成为一个传说。写作的时候，开车的时候，这些不吵不闹的歌，每一首都经得起单曲循环。Liekkas---- Sofia Jannok中文名称北极光的征兆。歌曲很美很恬静，由瑞典国宝级歌手索菲娅·杰纳克使用萨米族语演唱，整首歌充满轻柔的北欧风格，天籁般的嗓音，温暖而治愈，所有的不快和烦恼都随轻哼浅唱而消失殆尽。就像这次旅程的心情，9天的行程，8天日出日落，或辉煌，或迷幻，或冷艳，收获满满，就算是最后被放逐的两天，也是出乎意料的顺利而圆满。然而，面对一大堆照片，千言万语，只汇成图片上的这句话-地球上两个人相遇不容易，我们都要好好珍惜。 关于游记：一开始没打算要写游记的，摄影团手累，登山团脚累。每天追逐日升日落，起得比鸡早，睡得比狗晚，吃饭也没个定时。要不是第七天冒着被诀死的危险洗了个头，那可真是待我长发及腰，甩你一头虱子可好! 哪来闲工夫记日记啊。架不住一个两个三个的催，好嘛好嘛，看图说话也要说。首先谢谢好好哥哥，冰月姐姐，复原姐姐，昨夜星辰，尚品大哥给我照的妖精照，不用担心我跳出高反，别把你们照出高反了哈特别鸣谢唐唐姐，出发前，看我一个小腰包就能装下的尼康D90加狗头，体贴地连枪带炮加背包一并借给我（佳能7D加一个定焦头）还有一米哥，让我车车随便开，机子，镜头随便用，照片全部拷，极大地丰富了我的游记不说，还锻练了我的胆量加臂力，每天孜孜不倦地扭到尼家和佳家的对焦点费。还有深山姐，高反这么严重也不忘了给我抓拍工作照，关键时刻省下卡来给我用。。。有朋如斯，夫复何求！！先上一张大片吧，看看咱们这架势，不是耍酷，是真酷哈，都不知道小兮是什么时候抓拍的。 前言：计划去稻城亚丁很久很久了。。。有时候，走遍千山万水，却从没爬过自家门前的小山坡。没去成的理由除了路，还是路。理塘到稻城的路究竟有多险多烂？险得过通麦天险？烂得过墨脱？如今到墨脱的公路都通了，亚丁的机场也通了，秘境深处的那片净土能否禁得住公路和机场带来的冲击？梅里雪山是否会变成第二个逐渐消融的玉龙雪山？正好摄影群里老大召唤，国庆提前两周就开始啰啰嗦嗦收拾了几大包，高跟鞋几进几出，出发时估到找了个理由套在脚上，打死也要穿（雪山，彩林，婚纱，高跟鞋----缺一不可）。有了唐唐姐给我的枪炮，我也成了双枪老太婆，呵呵。一个人游荡惯了，跟到朋友走真是幸福啊。技不如人，只有当丫鬟了撒，看我三枪老太婆的英姿。临行前一周查看天气预报，一色的小雨，中雨，大雨加阴天，想退团，不敢。也罢，晴天有晴天的艳丽，雨天有雨天的空濛，实在是没得拍的了，灰也要抓一把回来（老大语录） 第一天：重庆---西昌邛海大清早5点出发，就为了赶到西昌拍落日。一米哥第一个接的我，看到我那几大包行李居然面不改色，果然是沉得住气的男人。大不了把高跟鞋挂车顶。出发第一天就印证了我们的人品。西昌不愧为阳光城。赶到时，正是好时机。秋天的邛海天高气爽，落霞孤鹜，让人留连忘返。悲催的是一到邛海公园，老大的毒眼就发现了大片所在，当快门声响起一片时，我还在手忙脚乱地寻找佳能的对焦点按钮。该死的小日本，尼家和佳家就不能不要一国两制吗，光圈，快门，对焦点完全是反的。几分钟后，老大一声闪人，留在我相机里的就是几张白花花的东东。 看看一米的鱼眼视角，不摆了 喜欢这张的意境，孤舟，鱼竿，苍穹，静谧的湖水，学习了。 照这张PP时终于找到点感觉和信心（佳能7D） 如此美妙的地方总是少不了天作佳人。没穿过婚纱，一直心痒痒的，后备箱里的婚纱，什么时候可以穿出来秀一哈呢 （1DX 一米摄） 夕阳西下尚早，坐在湖边，没事就开始臭美了 （下面六张图片鸣谢一米） 看了高调，再来几张低调吧，老大的学生想不低调都不行。 古墓幽灵出没，逆光，索性处理成全黑喜欢这个运动中的人像，肢体不全，别有一番味道 (下一组图片25-49楼) 下图鸣谢昨夜星辰，远近高低各不同下面三张鸣谢好好哥。牢记摄影语录，要想与众不同，有风甩纱巾，无风甩头发，我甩，甩，甩，呵呵！ 拍完这一组剪影，从机关枪一样的快门声中清醒过来的众人惊觉夕阳已然西下，遭了，见老大像老鼠见到猫，我躲。羡慕拍到夕阳的唐唐姐。深山姐，莫怄，我晓得你给我拍了好多大片，都在小妖心里了。谢谢！第二天 西昌---泸沽湖 邛海晨曦 （尼康D90拍摄于712分）（佳能1DX一米摄）鱼眼真的很适合拍水也。又一张一米大片（742分）划船的渔民不停地穿梭于湖两岸，很默契地配合我们。经过金光普照的水面时，瞧那身姿，那线条，让我情不自禁地想起红土地那个会摆POSE的大爷。（1DX732分 一米摄）好不容易抢拍到几张，差点被我删掉，伤心了好半天，终于找回来，再不敢随便删相机里的照片。(佳能7D 728分）早上的光影瞬息万变，才不过十几分钟的时间，湖面上的金光褪去，只剩一片水墨淡彩（1DX 753分 一米摄） 谢谢深山大姐的藏宝图。高跟鞋的好处在于想脱就脱，光脚走天下，不用担心我掉下水哦，万一的万一，举得最高的，肯定是这个相机。 这双鞋可是陪我爬过尼泊尔ABC的，久经考验。 公园大门口的志性雕像，有三三两两的晨起锻炼者经过，幸福的西昌人。老大的当地同学看我们这么稀罕日出，不屑一顾地说两个彩虹挂天上的时候多了，那个颜色，那个天。唉，不要跟重庆人在冬天提太阳，提日出！（尼康D90） 傍晚抵达泸沽湖时已错过了日落。别小看这段枯枝，在我的7D里普普通通，在唐唐姐的鱼眼里却美如天仙。就好比女孩子都是美的，只是你有没有找到最美的视角而已。 再补几张去年11月在邛海的照片，一个月的时间，候鸟已经南飞，翩跹的海鸥，给邛海增添了灵动的美。 尼康D90拍摄 赶到泸沽湖时，刚好最后一抹夕阳撒在湖边草坪上，一路小跑下去，山水无色，只有捡了个枯树枝照 去年早几分钟拍到的湖边，水波荡漾，猪槽船点缀其间，夕阳西下，不可思议的美 （请点击页面右上方的楼层搜索，下一组图片从175-235楼）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1951206&;page=18&authorid=0#pid38943619）劳动了一天回来，准备来大海捞贴的，结果让我惊呆了。谢谢各位的厚爱和支持，来不及一一回复，先上几张PP, 不刻苦点对不起大家的支持哦 晚上抵达一湖边客栈，看我们的大厨多能干，半小时就做出一顿丰盛的重庆火锅微信综合症，饭前拍照。有唐唐姐美味的香肠腊肉，萝卜干，火锅，小菜。好吃。未征求伙伴的意见，所以给她们带了口罩([]
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吴旻云Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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